<span style="font-size: 20.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">Development of a self floating slow release formulation of <i>Bacillus thuringiensis </i>var. <i>israelensis </i>and its larvicidal activity </span>

Abstract

<span style="font-size: 15.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:9.0pt;font-family:" times="" new="" roman","serif""="">Alginate encapsulated <i><span style="font-size:14.5pt;mso-bidi-font-size:8.5pt; font-family:" times="" new="" roman","serif""="">B. thuringiensis </span></i><span style="font-size:15.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:9.0pt;font-family:" times="" new="" roman","serif""="">var. <i><span style="font-size:14.5pt;mso-bidi-font-size:8.5pt;font-family: " times="" new="" roman","serif""="">israelensis (B </span></i><span style="font-size: 13.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:7.0pt;font-family:" times="" new="" roman","serif""="">.<i style="mso-bidi-font-style:normal">t</i> <i><span style="font-size:14.5pt; mso-bidi-font-size:8.5pt;font-family:" times="" new="" roman","serif""="">.i.) </span></i><span style="font-size:15.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:9.0pt;font-family:" times="" new="" roman","serif""="">self floating type formulations were prepared. Its spore release rate, floating efficacy and larvicid al activity against <i><span style="font-size:14.5pt; mso-bidi-font-size:8.5pt;font-family:" times="" new="" roman","serif""="">Culex quinquefasiatus </span></i><span style="font-size:15.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt;font-family:" times="" new="" roman","serif""="">were tested in the laboratory. The larval mortality of 91-100 % was induced by the floating formulation with a mean spore release of 3.04×10^{<span style="mso-bidi-font-size:5.0pt; font-family:" times="" new="" roman","serif""="">4</span>}<span style="mso-bidi-font-size: 5.0pt;font-family:" times="" new="" roman","serif""=""> <span style="font-size: 15.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:9.0pt;font-family:" times="" new="" roman","serif""="">/ml/day from 6th day to 27th day. From day 28 to 33 the mean numbers of spores released were 1.16× 10⁴<span style="font-size:11.5pt;mso-bidi-font-size: 5.5pt;font-family:" times="" new="" roman","serif""=""> <span style="font-size: 15.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:9.0pt;font-family:" times="" new="" roman","serif""="">/ml/day which caused 72.2-88.2% mortality. From 34th day to 40th day the mean number of spores released were 4.97×10³/ml/day which caused 42.2-67.2% mortality. However, the self floating alginate encapsulated beads were intact and found to float upto 40 days.

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