Bulk and physical properties of needle-punched nonwoven fabrics

Abstract

Bulk and physical properties of needle-punched nonwoven fabric depend on the nature of component fibre, the manner in which the fibres are arranged in the structure and the degree of consolidation . A proper understanding of the role of different parameters on fabric properties is important for designing the fabric suitable for its use. Normally, the longer and finer fibre in the web leads to greater fabric strength, provided the fibre breakage is controlled. The increase in needle densityand penetration improves the fibre consolidation. but beyond a certain limit the fibre damage becomes greater, leading to deterioration in fabric characteristics. Higher fabric weight and introducti on of scrim generally improve the functional properties of fabric. Finishing operation is opted in the cases where some special requirements are to be fulfilled. This paper is intended to develop some understanding about the bulk and physical properties in relation to raw material, machine parametersand process variables.