Genetic and biochemical risk factors for type 2 diabetes mellitus

Abstract

<span style="mso-bidi-font-family:" times="" new="" roman""="" lang="EN-GB">Diabetes is a chronic disease that occurs due to high sugar levels in the blood. Type 1 and type 2 diabetes occur in a large number of people. World Health Organisation (WHO) has reported that about 172 million people around the world are suffering from diabetes as of year 2000, and has estimated the numbers to increase to 367 million in coming years. India has been reported as the country with the maximum diabetic patients, followed by China, USA, Indonesia and Japan. In addition to the symptoms of tiredness, hunger, thirst and excess urination, it also causes a large number of complications when coupled with other conditions, like difficulties in surgeries. Hence, a good understanding of the genetic and biochemical risk factors for diabetes and how it affects our body can help us to develop a cure or a better treatment method that have maximum potential with less adverse effects. The present review discusses the most common genetic and biochemical risk factors of type 2 diabetes mellitus.

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