Antioxidant and anti-lipid peroxidation activities of <i>Tamarindus indica</i> seed coat in human fibroblast cells

Abstract

Antioxidant activity and total phenolic content of tamarind seed coat extracts<span style="font-family:Mangal;mso-ascii-font-family:" times="" new="" roman";="" mso-hansi-font-family:"times="" roman";mso-bidi-language:th"="" lang="EN-GB"> <span style="mso-ansi-language:EN-US;mso-bidi-language:TH" lang="EN-US">(TSCEs) were compared between the two extracts using boiling-water (TSCE-W) and 70% ethanol (TSCE-E) for extraction. TSCE-W, consisting of the highest phenolic content, possessed 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging and anti-lipid peroxidation activities much higher than TSCE-E and Trolox. Additionally, both TSCEs also exhibited superoxide anion and hydrogen peroxide scavenging activities higher than Trolox and BHA. Anti-lipid peroxidation and cytotoxicity of TSCE-W were also studied in human foreskin fibroblast CCD-1064Sk cells. Cytotoxic effect was not observed when exposed to TSCE<span style="mso-bidi-language:TH" lang="EN-GB">-W up to 1 mg/mL for 12-48 h.<span style="mso-bidi-language:TH" lang="EN-GB"> However, TSCE-W significantly attenuated lipid peroxidation in H₂O₂-damaged cells. HPLC analysis showed the presence of (+)-catechin, (-)-epicatechin, and procyanidin B2 in TSCE-W, which could be responsible for antioxidant and anti-lipid peroxidation activities. The results suggest that an inexpensive and simple boiling-water extraction of TSCE-W may provide a valuable natural antioxidant source having anti-lipid peroxidation for health food additives, nutraceuticals as well as cosmeceuticals.

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