Updated Status of the Development of Bio Sensors

Abstract

During the 10^th Five Year Plan of the country, under the network research programme set by CSIR ‘Ion-sensory field effect transistor' project is going to be commenced out of the projects handed over to this institute. Under this project bio sensors will be developed. Bio sensor is a combined analytical device having biological as well as physico-chemical elements. Biological element identities the material and the physico-chemical element converts this identified form into electrical signals, so that we get the concentration of the material. In the biological part of the bio sensor, enzyme, microbes and immunological molecules are used while in physico-chemical part hydrogen electrode or ion-sensory field effect transistor and oxygen electrode are used. On the outlet of the ion sensory field effect transistor, enzymic membrane is formed in place of a metal. When this membranous transistor is dipped into the given solution, electric potential in the ratio of the concentration of the material is produced on outlet of the electrode. Thus, the more the electrical potential is produced on the outlet of electrode the more the concentration of the material would be in the solution. Biosensors are quite useful in the field of medicine, health, environment, food processing and agriculture etc. In this review paper the updated status of the development as well as future prospects of the research on bio sensor have been discussed.