<span style="font-size:15.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:14.0pt" lang="EN-US">Pharmacognostic evaluation of <i style="mso-bidi-font-style:normal">Tinospora cordifolia</i> (Willd.) Miers and identification of biomarkers </span>

Abstract

<span style="font-size:9.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt" lang="EN-US">Tinospora cordifolia<span style="font-size:9.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt" lang="EN-US"> (Willd.) Miers, (<i style="mso-bidi-font-style:normal">Guduchi</i>) is an evergreen perennial climber belongs to the family Menispermaceae. It is a plant of significant medicinal importance in the indigenous systems of medicine and designated as <i style="mso-bidi-font-style:normal">Rasayana.</i> All the parts of this plant are reported for various ethnobotanical and therapeutic uses. Vegetative aerial parts, viz. leaves, stem and aerial root were collected in various seasons and studied for macroscopical, anatomical, physicochemical and phytochemical studies. Microscopically leaf of <i style="mso-bidi-font-style:normal">T. cordifolia</i> showed presence of anomocytic stomata, unicellular trichomes. Stem showed wheel shaped appearance at the transverse cut surface, a peculiar characteristic feature of the family Menispermaceae. Stem and aerial root exhibit abundant mucilage canals, dense ceratenchyma and characteristics wedge shaped medullary rays. Phytochemically, the various extracts showed the presence of diverse phytochemicals such as alkaloids, glycosides, polyphenols, steroids, tannins, etc. Leaf of <i style="mso-bidi-font-style:normal">T. cordifolia</i> showed the maximum concentration of sugar, starch, flavonoids, phenolic, and tannin content as compare to aerial roots and stem. Tinosporaside and berberine were evaluated as biomarkers for the plant <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal">T. cordifolia</i> using TLC fingerprinting.

</span></span>