Rechargeable iodine batteries based on charge transfer materials having mixed conduction

Abstract

<span style="font-size:11.0pt;line-height:115%; font-family:" calibri","sans-serif";mso-fareast-font-family:"times="" new="" roman";="" mso-ansi-language:en-us;mso-fareast-language:en-us;mso-bidi-language:ar-sa"="">Solid-state galvanic cells based on semiconducting charge transfer materials with mixed conduction have been fabricated and tested. The charge transfer complexes of iodine with phenothiazine, 2-chloro-phenothiazine, 2-acetyl-phenothiazine in 3:2 molar ratio and with benzidine in I:I ratio have been found to be mixed conductors along with usual electronic conductivities. The pressed pellets of these materials have been used as cathodes in contact with anode metals like aluminium, copper, zinc, titanium and nickel. The electrochemical characteristics of the cell such as open circuit voltages short-circuit currents, their time and temperature dependence, and recharge ability of these cells have been studied. Dielectric behaviour of the cells has also been studied with a view to establish the nature of electrode reactions. Battery configurations have been fabricated and tested. The advantages and limitations of these batteries have been outlined.</span>