<span style="font-size:11.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-ansi-language:EN-GB;mso-fareast-language:EN-US;mso-bidi-language:AR-SA" lang="EN-GB">Pharmacognostical and larvicidal evaluation of <i style="mso-bidi-font-style:normal">Artocarpus lakoocha </i>Roxb. from Western Ghats</span>

Abstract

<span style="font-size:11.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt; font-family:" times="" new="" roman","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:ajensonpro-regular;="" letter-spacing:-.1pt;mso-ansi-language:en-in;mso-fareast-language:en-in;="" mso-bidi-language:ar-sa"="">Mosquitoes are the most important single group of insects acting as vector for many tropical and subtropical diseases. U<span style="font-size:11.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt;font-family:" times="" new="" roman","serif";="" mso-fareast-font-family:"times="" roman";letter-spacing:-.1pt;mso-ansi-language:="" en-in;mso-fareast-language:en-us;mso-bidi-language:ar-sa"="">sing insecticides of plant origin to <span style="font-size:11.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt;font-family:" times="" new="" roman","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:"times="" roman";="" letter-spacing:-.1pt;mso-ansi-language:en-gb;mso-fareast-language:en-us;="" mso-bidi-language:ar-sa"="" lang="EN-GB">interrupt the life cycle<span style="font-size: 11.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt;font-family:" times="" new="" roman","serif";="" mso-fareast-font-family:"times="" roman";letter-spacing:-.1pt;mso-ansi-language:="" en-in;mso-fareast-language:en-us;mso-bidi-language:ar-sa"="">,<span style="font-size:11.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt;font-family:" times="" new="" roman","serif";="" mso-fareast-font-family:"times="" roman";letter-spacing:-.1pt;mso-ansi-language:="" en-gb;mso-fareast-language:en-us;mso-bidi-language:ar-sa"="" lang="EN-GB"> vector borne diseases can be controlled<span style="font-size:11.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt;font-family:" times="" new="" roman","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:"times="" roman";="" letter-spacing:-.1pt;mso-ansi-language:en-in;mso-fareast-language:en-us;="" mso-bidi-language:ar-sa"="">. <i><span style="font-size:11.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt;font-family:" times="" new="" roman","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:="" ajensonpro-regular;letter-spacing:-.1pt;mso-ansi-language:en-gb;mso-fareast-language:="" en-in;mso-bidi-language:ar-sa;mso-bidi-font-weight:bold"="" lang="EN-GB">Artocarpus lakoocha </span></i><span style="font-size:11.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt;font-family:" times="" new="" roman","serif";="" mso-fareast-font-family:ajensonpro-regular;letter-spacing:-.1pt;mso-ansi-language:="" en-gb;mso-fareast-language:en-in;mso-bidi-language:ar-sa;mso-bidi-font-weight:="" bold"="" lang="EN-GB">Roxb. popularly known as <i style="mso-bidi-font-style:normal">Monkey Jack</i> or <i style="mso-bidi-font-style:normal">Lakuch</i> is ethnobotanically used to treat fever, purge, skin ailments and also as an appetizer. <span style="font-size:11.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt;font-family:" times="" new="" roman","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:"times="" roman";="" letter-spacing:-.1pt;mso-ansi-language:en-gb;mso-fareast-language:en-us;="" mso-bidi-language:ar-sa"="" lang="EN-GB">T<span style="font-size:11.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt;font-family:" times="" new="" roman","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:calibri;="" letter-spacing:-.1pt;mso-ansi-language:en-in;mso-fareast-language:en-in;="" mso-bidi-language:ar-sa"="">he present study investigated the <span style="font-size:11.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt;font-family:" times="" new="" roman","serif";="" mso-fareast-font-family:"times="" roman";letter-spacing:-.1pt;mso-ansi-language:="" en-gb;mso-fareast-language:en-us;mso-bidi-language:ar-sa"="" lang="EN-GB">pharmacognostical and <span style="font-size:11.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt;font-family: " times="" new="" roman","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:calibri;letter-spacing:-.1pt;="" mso-ansi-language:en-in;mso-fareast-language:en-in;mso-bidi-language:ar-sa"="">larvicidal activity <span style="font-size:11.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt;font-family:" times="" new="" roman","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:"times="" roman";="" letter-spacing:-.1pt;mso-ansi-language:en-gb;mso-fareast-language:en-us;="" mso-bidi-language:ar-sa"="" lang="EN-GB">of<span style="mso-bidi-font-weight:bold"> leaves and fruits of <i style="mso-bidi-font-style:normal">A. lakoocha</i> against <i style="mso-bidi-font-style:normal">Anopheles stephensi, Aedes aegypti</i> and<i style="mso-bidi-font-style:normal"> Culex quinquefasciatus </i>larvae. As a step towards standardization of crude drug, the powder microscopy, physico-chemical analysis, TLC studies and HPTLC profiles of active pet ether extract were established. The larvicidal potential of <span style="mso-bidi-font-weight: bold">successive solvent extracts were screened and expressed as LC₅₀ values. The pet ether extract of leaves and fruits were significant with LC₅₀241.36, 624.88, 1162.86 and 1180.95, 1286.69, 1398.69 µg/mL on the three species,<i style="mso-bidi-font-style:normal"> </i>respectively compared to other extracts. The results indicate that the triterpenoids and phytosterols present in the pet ether extract exerted a dose dependent larvicidal activity and the malarial vector,<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal"> An. stephensi</i> was more susceptible to the pet ether extract.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span>