Groundwater flow and fluctuation using GIS in a hard rock region - South India

Abstract

Various thematic maps pertaining to groundwater flow and fluctuation were prepared from the Survey of India (SOI) toposheets and satellite imageries using geographical information system (GIS). To understand the topographical variation, three dimensional digital elevation model (DEM) was generated using GIS. Hydrographs were also prepared to understand groundwater fluctuation with respect to space and time. Groundwater level contours were prepared using GIS to understand the water level fluctuation in the basin. Raster based three dimensional groundwater table elevation model was also developed using GIS to understand the depth of occurrence of groundwater. Radial vector map was prepared from the groundwater head data using GIS to understand the groundwater flow pattern. Finally radial vector map was superimposed over the groundwater table elevation model to illustrate the groundwater flow in the basin.