Vertical Drift Calculations from upward Moving Ionospheric Irregularities (Kinks) over the Magnetic Equator

Abstract

The occurrence pattern of ionospheric irregularities observed as sharp discontinuities (kinks), and vertical velocity in the equatorial F region, derived from their upward movement, has been compared for Kodaikanal, Natal and Huancayo. Longitudinal differences in the time of peak occurrence of these kinks and the distribution of vertical velocity are pointed out. The observed vertical velocities are in the range 10-40 m/sec, thereby excluding the possibility of Alfven waves or magneto-acoustic waves being responsible for the movement of these kinks. It is concluded that the observed vertical drifts represent the <i>E </i>x<i> B </i> drift in the equatorial F region and that the source of these kinks is metallic ions produced by equator ward neutral winds or gravity waves.