Evaluation of oxidative stress biomarkers and inflammation in pathogenesis of diabetes and diabetic nephropathy

Abstract

In this study, we tried to understand better the association of oxidative stress and inflammation with type-2 diabetes and diabetic nephropathy to provide a basis for investigating improved diagnostic possibilities, treatment and prevention of the disease. Blood samples were collected from 498 West Indian individuals aged 42–72 years. Differences in the level of oxidative stress markers (MDA, GSH, SOD and CAT) and inflammation (TNF-α and IL1-α) was determined in patients (type 2 diabetic and diabetic nephropathy) and control participants. Patients with nephropathy showed significantly decreased SOD, GSH levels, but significantly increased MDA and CAT activity compared to DM patients as well as controls. Significant higher level of expression of TNF-α and IL1-α (<em>P</em>< 0.05) was observed in DM and DN patients as compared to controls. The results suggest that oxidative stress and inflammation are triggered in patients of type 2 diabetes and diabetic nephropathy possibly due to hyperglycemia.