Potentiometric determination of oxybutynin hydrochloride in pharmaceutical formulations at modified carbon paste electrodes

Abstract

New potentiometric sensitive and selective modified carbon paste (MCPE) electrodes based on ion pair formation between phosphotungestic acid (PTA), sodium tetraphenyl borate (NaTPB), phosphomolybdic acid (PMA) or ammonium reineckate (RN) and oxybutynin hydrochloride (Ox.HCl) has been developed. The proposed electrodes have Nernstian slope values of 58.50±0.71, 58.71±1.20, 54.80±1.30 and 59.20±0.70 mV decade⁻¹ for electrodes modified with 20, 10, 5 and 10 mg of Ox-TPB (electrode I), Ox-RN (electrode II), Ox-PMA (electrode III) and Ox-PTA (electrode IV) ion pairs, respectively. It is found that the dynamic drug concentration range at 25 °C is 1.0×10⁻⁵–1.0×10⁻² mol L⁻¹. The response of MCPEs is pH independent in the range 2.0–6.0 with a fast response time of 10 s for electrode I and 12 s for electrodes II-IV. These electrodes have good Nernstian response in the temperature range 10–60 °C with slope (isothermal coefficient) equal 0.791×10⁻³, 0.769×10⁻³, 0.629×10⁻³and 1.277×10⁻³ V/°C for electrodes I, II , III and IV respectively. These small values indicate the high thermal stability of the electrodes. The MCPEs have shown a relatively long life time of 36 days. A pure and pharmaceutical formulation of Ox.HCl has quantified using calibration and standard addition methods and the obtained results agreed with that of the official HPLC method. Validation parameters have been optimized according to ICH recommendations. Limits of detection and quantification are calculated under the optimized conditions. For the analytical applications, pharmaceutical dose form has performed. Various interferents have been used to investigate the interference in the analytical application and found that the proposed method would be well adopted for real sample analysis.