Morphological characterization of chilli (Capsicum annum L.) genotypes

Abstract

Chilli (<em>Capsicum annum</em> L.) is one of the most important vegetable cum spice crops grown worldwide. India is the leading producer of chilli in the world. Morphology based characterization of chilli was undertaken to identify characteristics which could be helpful in breeding programmes. This study is of great significance in determining the distinctiveness, uniformity, and stability of various chilligenotypes. In the present investigation, 15 genotypes of chilli collected from NBPGR Bhowali, IIVR Varanasi, and Srinagar Garhwal were evaluated for their qualitative morphological characterization using a Randomized block experimental design. A fair amount of variation was found in the morphological characterization analysis. Among the different traits assessed, round stem shape, anthocyanin colouration of nodes, entire leaf margin, white corolla colour, dentate calyx margin, round stem shape, and few others showed 100% frequency; a higher frequency was also observed for Green stem colour (93.33%), sparse stem pubescence (86.66%), lanceolate leaf shape (93.33%) and obtuse fruit shape at pedicel attachment (86.66%).Genotypes Kashi Anmol, Taiwan-1, Saidpur Collection, Srinagar Local, and IC-119308 found a wide range of variations in qualitative traits, and the study suggested these genotypes can be used for breeding purpose after further testing.