Fatty acid composition and bioactivity of Sesbania sesban seed oil

Abstract

Fatty acid composition and bioactivity of Sesbania sesban seed oils were analyzed. Seeds were milled by a domestic mixer at medium speed to obtain mixture containing germ and endosperm with seed coat. Germ (42.48%), Crude endosperm (26.22%) and seed coat (11.33%) were separated and whole seed along with seed parts subjected to extraction process by hot and cold method with petroleum ether. Saturated and unsaturated fatty acids in seed oils were determined and analyzed using Gas-liquid chromatography in which palmitic acid was found in endosperm oil (50.51%) and seed coat oil (30.65%) by cold extraction. Oleic acid was found in seed oil (48.22%) and in germ oil (46.87%) extracted by cold but lower in oils obtained by hot method. Linoleic acid content was found higher in oils extracted by hot extraction. Antioxidant activity was also done of oil from seed and their parts by different methods in which maximum inhibition shown by seed oil 55.45% at 100 μg/mL and minimum in endosperm oil 0.37% at all concentration from hot and cold method, which was significantly different at p<0.05 in the same column.The antimicrobial activity of seed oil was determined by disc diffusion method and the seed coat and whole seed extracted by cold extraction showed significant anti-bacterial activity. Studies reveal the potentiality of seed oil as an alternative source as/in edibles and also prospects the analysed oils of seed parts with useful bioactive markers for pharmaceuticals, nutraceuticals and cosmetics.