Defining and analysing traditional architectural knowledge systems: components and guiding principles in Indian residential architecture through the lens of expertise

Abstract

The term ‘Traditional Architectural Knowledge Systems’ (TAKS) is increasingly prevalent in numerous national and international forums. However, there is no precise definition for the same. The objective of this study was to systematically define the TAKS as useful and applicable for future research. Recognising the need for a vetting process, expert opinion surveys and interviews were conducted to achieve the intended objectives, along with an extensive literature review. Five ancient texts were chosen for comprehensive content analysis: Mānasāraśilpaśastra, Mayamata, Bṛhat-saṃhitā, Samarāṅgaṇa Sūtradhāra, and Manuṣyālayacandrikā. This study establishes a definition of the term TAKS and identifies the guiding principles and components of TAKS concerning residential architecture in the Indian context. The outcome will significantly advance our understanding of the TAKS from a generic perspective and residential architecture in particular. This study will benefit society by helping to restore the essence of lost traditional and cultural values in the era of modernisation and homogenisation.