Production of High Quality Salt: Purification Process and Uses

Abstract

Salt (sodium chloride) is essential for human consumption and various chemical industries. In India, it is mainly produced through the solar evaporation of seawater and underground brine. This review article explores the complex processes involved in refining salt, addressing the challenges and advancements in achieving high-purity salt. The article discusses the phase rule-based separation of salts during solar evaporation, highlighting the operational controls and brine density impact on salt quality. Despite advancements, high-purity salt production in India lags behind Western standards. Various refining methods, including mechanical washing and reerystallization, are examined, emphasizing their economic and practical aspects. The review underscores the necessity for advanced techniques and improved washing processes to enhance salt quality. It advocates for adopting solar salt technology, promoting research and development, and ensuring organizational and governmental support for the salt industry. In conclusion, the article provides insights into refining processes in India, recommending scientific and technological innovations to produce high-quality salt.