Development of a sensitive and affordable alternative ELISA method for detection of human IgG antibodies

Abstract

Here we present a platform technology that serve as robust alternative to the traditional enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) approach utilizing protein A and protein G in conjunction with streptavidin-biotin chemistry for the detection of IgG antibodies, obviating the need for anti-human polyclonal antibodies (pAbs) and expensive monoclonal antibodies (mAbs). The target antigen, specific to IgG, is directly immobilized on ELISA plates. Leveraging the high affinity of protein A and protein G for the Fc region of IgG, we enable robust detection of IgG antibodies in diverse biological samples. Through direct immobilization of the IgG antigen and subsequent detection using streptavidin-biotin chemistry, we achieve sensitive and specific quantification of IgG antibody binding. Here, using SARS-CoV 2 Spike protein for validation, our study demonstrates comparable performance to traditional methods and can be adopted for any animal species. This approach offers a practical solution for IgG antibody detection, promising advancements in research and diagnostics.