Nutraceuticals: A futuristic approach in the field of biotechnology and nanotechnology

Abstract

In recent years, the significance of nutraceuticals has grown considerably due to their perceived safety, health benefits, and role as an alternative to conventional medicine. Nutraceuticals encompass a range of products derived from foods that have medicinal value. This includes food supplements, herbal products, and prebiotics, which provide additional health benefits beyond the basic nutrition obtained from a diet. One major advantage of nutraceuticals is their ability to provide therapeutic effects without the side effects typically associated with traditional medications. Nutraceuticals play a crucial role in enhancing an individual's health, preventing chronic diseases, slowing the ageing process, and supporting the overall structure and physiology of the body. They are referred to as substances that provide medical well-being by preventing diseases. Hence, nutraceuticals fall under the category of broad-spectrum biological therapies used to encourage general health and avoid chronic diseases. Modern technological advances, particularly in biotechnology and nanotechnology, have revolutionised nutraceutical development through enhanced bioavailability, targeted delivery systems, and improved stability of bioactive compounds. This article aims to enhance our understanding of nutraceuticals as a health-supporting alternative to modern medicine. The review also discusses the application and current market demand for these nutraceuticals, including fish oil preparations, prebiotics, and probiotics. Additionally, this comprehensive review examines the integration of biotechnological approaches, including genetic engineering, bioprocessing, and nanotechnology applications, in the production and delivery of nutraceuticals. By exploring the unique properties and benefits of nutraceuticals, along with emerging technological innovations, we can appreciate the value of incorporating them into our lifestyles as a means of promoting overall wellness and advancing personalised healthcare solutions.