Application of native Parthenium hysterophorus for dye sequestration: Kinetic, isotherm, and thermodynamic analysis

Abstract

The present study demonstrated native Parthenium hysterophorous (NPH) in its raw form as an eco-friendly biosorbent for the remediation of Acid Green 25 (AG25) dye from aqueous stream. Surface characteristics of native biomass were determined using BET analysis and scanning electron microscopy. Effect of experimental parameters as pH (2-10), exposure time (15-390 min), AG25 concentration (50 – 200 mgL-1), NPH dosage (1-5 g L⁻¹) and temperature (288–318 K) were studied in batch process. The adsorption of AG25 on NPH followed pseudo-second-order kinetics, and the equilibrium data of isotherm followed Langmuir model, ensuring monolayer adsorption. The highest NPH adsorption capacity recorded was 121.95 mg g-1, achieved under conditions of 318 K, sorbent dosage of 3 g L⁻¹, and at a lower pH of 2. Thermodynamic data confirmed that the adsorption of AG25 on NPH is an endothermic process and occurs spontaneously. Present work highlighted the potential of NPH as an eco-friendly, inexpensive, and efficient substrate for AG25 remediation from water streams.